QSqlField Class

The QSqlField class manipulates the fields in SQL database tables and views. More...

Header:	#include <QSqlField>
CMake:	find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Sql) target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Sql)
qmake:	QT += sql

Public Types

enum	RequiredStatus { Required, Optional, Unknown }

Public Functions

	QSqlField(const QSqlField &other)
	QSqlField(const QString &fieldName = QString(), QMetaType type = QMetaType(), const QString &table = QString())
QSqlField &	operator=(const QSqlField &other)
	~QSqlField()
void	clear()
QVariant	defaultValue() const
bool	isAutoValue() const
bool	isGenerated() const
bool	isNull() const
bool	isReadOnly() const
bool	isValid() const
int	length() const
QMetaType	metaType() const
QString	name() const
int	precision() const
QSqlField::RequiredStatus	requiredStatus() const
void	setAutoValue(bool autoVal)
void	setDefaultValue(const QVariant &value)
void	setGenerated(bool gen)
void	setLength(int fieldLength)
void	setMetaType(QMetaType type)
void	setName(const QString &name)
void	setPrecision(int precision)
void	setReadOnly(bool readOnly)
void	setRequired(bool required)
void	setRequiredStatus(QSqlField::RequiredStatus required)
void	setTableName(const QString &table)
void	setValue(const QVariant &value)
QString	tableName() const
QVariant	value() const
bool	operator!=(const QSqlField &other) const
bool	operator==(const QSqlField &other) const

Detailed Description

QSqlField represents the characteristics of a single column in a database table or view, such as the data type and column name. A field also contains the value of the database column, which can be viewed or changed.

Field data values are stored as QVariants. Using an incompatible type is not permitted. For example:

    QSqlField field("age", QMetaType::fromType<int>());
    field.setValue(QPixmap());  // WRONG

However, the field will attempt to cast certain data types to the field data type where possible:

    QSqlField field("age", QMetaType::fromType<int>());
    field.setValue(QString("123"));  // casts QString to int

QSqlField objects are rarely created explicitly in application code. They are usually accessed indirectly through QSqlRecords that already contain a list of fields. For example:

    QSqlQuery query;
    ...
    QSqlRecord record = query.record();
    QSqlField field = record.field("country");

A QSqlField object can provide some meta-data about the field, for example, its name(), variant type(), length(), precision(), defaultValue(), typeID(), and its requiredStatus(), isGenerated() and isReadOnly(). The field's data can be checked to see if it isNull(), and its value() retrieved. When editing the data can be set with setValue() or set to NULL with clear().

See also QSqlRecord.

Member Type Documentation

enum QSqlField::RequiredStatus

Specifies whether the field is required or optional.

Constant	Value	Description
`QSqlField::Required`	`1`	The field must be specified when inserting records.
`QSqlField::Optional`	`0`	The fields doesn't have to be specified when inserting records.
`QSqlField::Unknown`	`-1`	The database driver couldn't determine whether the field is required or optional.

See also requiredStatus().

Member Function Documentation

QSqlField::QSqlField(const QSqlField &other)

Constructs a copy of other.

`[since 6.0]` QSqlField::QSqlField(const QString &fieldName = QString(), QMetaType type = QMetaType(), const QString &table = QString())

This is an overloaded function.

Constructs an empty field called fieldName of type type in table.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

See also setRequiredStatus(), setLength(), setPrecision(), setDefaultValue(), setGenerated(), and setReadOnly().

QSqlField &QSqlField::operator=(const QSqlField &other)

Sets the field equal to other.

QSqlField::~QSqlField()

Destroys the object and frees any allocated resources.

void QSqlField::clear()

Clears the value of the field and sets it to NULL. If the field is read-only, nothing happens.

See also setValue(), isReadOnly(), and requiredStatus().

QVariant QSqlField::defaultValue() const

Returns the field's default value (which may be NULL).

See also setDefaultValue(), metaType(), requiredStatus(), length(), precision(), and isGenerated().

bool QSqlField::isAutoValue() const

Returns true if the value is auto-generated by the database, for example auto-increment primary key values.

Note: When using the ODBC driver, due to limitations in the ODBC API, the isAutoValue() field is only populated in a QSqlField resulting from a QSqlRecord obtained by executing a SELECT query. It is false in a QSqlField resulting from a QSqlRecord returned from QSqlDatabase::record() or QSqlDatabase::primaryIndex().

See also setAutoValue().

bool QSqlField::isGenerated() const

Returns true if the field is generated; otherwise returns false.

See also setGenerated(), metaType(), requiredStatus(), length(), precision(), and defaultValue().

bool QSqlField::isNull() const

Returns true if the field's value is NULL; otherwise returns false.

See also value().

bool QSqlField::isReadOnly() const

Returns true if the field's value is read-only; otherwise returns false.

See also setReadOnly(), metaType(), requiredStatus(), length(), precision(), defaultValue(), and isGenerated().

bool QSqlField::isValid() const

Returns true if the field's variant type is valid; otherwise returns false.

int QSqlField::length() const

Returns the field's length.

If the returned value is negative, it means that the information is not available from the database.

See also setLength(), metaType(), requiredStatus(), precision(), defaultValue(), and isGenerated().

QMetaType QSqlField::metaType() const

Returns the field's type as stored in the database. Note that the actual value might have a different type, Numerical values that are too large to store in a long int or double are usually stored as strings to prevent precision loss.

See also setMetaType().

QString QSqlField::name() const

Returns the name of the field.

See also setName().

int QSqlField::precision() const

Returns the field's precision; this is only meaningful for numeric types.

If the returned value is negative, it means that the information is not available from the database.

See also setPrecision(), metaType(), requiredStatus(), length(), defaultValue(), and isGenerated().

QSqlField::RequiredStatus QSqlField::requiredStatus() const

Returns true if this is a required field; otherwise returns false. An INSERT will fail if a required field does not have a value.

See also setRequiredStatus(), metaType(), length(), precision(), defaultValue(), and isGenerated().

void QSqlField::setAutoValue(bool autoVal)

Marks the field as an auto-generated value if autoVal is true.

See also isAutoValue().

void QSqlField::setDefaultValue(const QVariant &value)

Sets the default value used for this field to value.

See also defaultValue(), value(), setMetaType(), setRequiredStatus(), setLength(), setPrecision(), setGenerated(), and setReadOnly().

void QSqlField::setGenerated(bool gen)

Sets the generated state. If gen is false, no SQL will be generated for this field; otherwise, Qt classes such as QSqlQueryModel and QSqlTableModel will generate SQL for this field.

See also isGenerated(), setMetaType(), setRequiredStatus(), setLength(), setPrecision(), setDefaultValue(), and setReadOnly().

void QSqlField::setLength(int fieldLength)

Sets the field's length to fieldLength. For strings this is the maximum number of characters the string can hold; the meaning varies for other types.

See also length(), setMetaType(), setRequiredStatus(), setPrecision(), setDefaultValue(), setGenerated(), and setReadOnly().

void QSqlField::setMetaType(QMetaType type)

Set's the field's variant type to type.

See also metaType(), setRequiredStatus(), setLength(), setPrecision(), setDefaultValue(), setGenerated(), and setReadOnly().

void QSqlField::setName(const QString &name)

Sets the name of the field to name.

See also name().

void QSqlField::setPrecision(int precision)

Sets the field's precision. This only affects numeric fields.

See also precision(), setMetaType(), setRequiredStatus(), setLength(), setDefaultValue(), setGenerated(), and setReadOnly().

void QSqlField::setReadOnly(bool readOnly)

Sets the read only flag of the field's value to readOnly. A read-only field cannot have its value set with setValue() and cannot be cleared to NULL with clear().

See also isReadOnly().

void QSqlField::setRequired(bool required)

Sets the required status of this field to Required if required is true; otherwise sets it to Optional.

See also setRequiredStatus() and requiredStatus().

void QSqlField::setRequiredStatus(QSqlField::RequiredStatus required)

Sets the required status of this field to required.

See also requiredStatus(), setMetaType(), setLength(), setPrecision(), setDefaultValue(), setGenerated(), and setReadOnly().

void QSqlField::setTableName(const QString &table)

Sets the tableName of the field to table.

See also tableName().

void QSqlField::setValue(const QVariant &value)

Sets the value of the field to value. If the field is read-only (isReadOnly() returns true), nothing happens.

If the data type of value differs from the field's current data type, an attempt is made to cast it to the proper type. This preserves the data type of the field in the case of assignment, e.g. a QString to an integer data type.

To set the value to NULL, use clear().

See also value(), isReadOnly(), and defaultValue().

QString QSqlField::tableName() const

Returns the tableName of the field.

Note: When using the QPSQL driver, due to limitations in the libpq library, the tableName() field is not populated in a QSqlField resulting from a QSqlRecord obtained by QSqlQuery::record() of a forward-only query.

See also setTableName().

QVariant QSqlField::value() const

Returns the value of the field as a QVariant.

Use isNull() to check if the field's value is NULL.

See also setValue().

bool QSqlField::operator!=(const QSqlField &other) const

Returns true if the field is unequal to other; otherwise returns false.

bool QSqlField::operator==(const QSqlField &other) const

Returns true if the field is equal to other; otherwise returns false.